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托福寫作6種扣分情況,你需要了解!

2019-04-22

來源:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

小編:白洋 363
摘要:

  托福寫作想要取得高分,那么在考試中的一些小錯(cuò)誤千萬不能出現(xiàn),否則你的作文就得不到高分了。

  1. 指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)

  指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關(guān)系不清,或者先后所用的代詞不一致。試看下面這一句:

  Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid。(瑪麗和我姐姐很要好,因?yàn)樗鏊陌槟铩?

  讀完上面這一句話,讀者無法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰將結(jié)婚,誰將當(dāng)伴娘。如果我們把易于引起誤解的代詞的所指對(duì)象加以明確,意思就一目了然了。這個(gè)句子可改為:

  Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid。

  例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself。

  剖析:句中人稱代詞we 和反身代詞yourself指代不一致。改為:

  We can also know society by serving it ourselves。

  2. 不間斷句子(Run-on Sentences)

  什么叫run-on sentence?請(qǐng)看下面的例句。

  例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world。

  剖析:這個(gè)句子包含了兩層完整的意思:“There are many ways?!?以及“We get to know the outside world?!?。簡單地把它們連在一起就不妥當(dāng)了。

  改為:There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world。

  3. 措詞毛病(Troubles in Diction)

  Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何適當(dāng)?shù)剡x用詞語的問題,囿于教學(xué)時(shí)間緊迫,教師平時(shí)在這方面花的時(shí)間往往極其有限,影響了學(xué)生在寫作中沒有養(yǎng)成良好的推敲,斟酌的習(xí)慣。他們往往隨心所欲,拿來就用。所以作文中用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤比比皆是。

  例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution。(農(nóng)業(yè)方面化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)

  剖析:顯然,考生把obstacles“障礙”,“障礙物”誤作substance“物質(zhì)”了。另外“the increasing use (不斷增加的使用)” 應(yīng)改為“abusive use (濫用)”。

  改為:The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution。

  4. 累贅(Redundancy)

  言以簡潔為貴。寫句子沒有一個(gè)多余的詞;寫段落沒有一個(gè)無必要的句子。能用單詞的不用詞組;能用詞組的不用從句或句子。如:In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him。

  本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同謂語從句,我們按照上述“能用詞組的不用從句”可以改為:In spite of his laziness, I like him。

  例1. For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need。

  剖析:整個(gè)句子可以大大簡化。

  改為:ligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need。

  5. 不連貫(Incoherence)

  不連貫是指一個(gè)句子前言不對(duì)后語,或是結(jié)構(gòu)上不暢通。這也是考生常犯的毛病。

  例1. The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth。

  剖析:The fresh water 與逗號(hào)后的it 不連貫。It 與things 在數(shù)方面不一致。

  改為:Fresh water is the most important thing in the world。

  6. 綜合性語言錯(cuò)誤(Comprehensive Misusage)

  所謂“綜合性語言錯(cuò)誤”,是指除了上述十種錯(cuò)誤以外,還有諸如時(shí)態(tài),語態(tài),標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),大小寫等方面的錯(cuò)誤。

  例1.Today, Money to everybody is very importance, our’s eat, cloth, live, go etc.

  以上就是環(huán)球教育小編為大家整理的關(guān)于托福寫作6種扣分情況,希望對(duì)大家的備考有幫助。


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