雅思小作文詞匯句式 

  http://www.ielts.com.cn 來源：2005-4-13   環(huán)球教育網(wǎng)

   IELTS套句式寫作大全
第一部分：TASK1圖表寫作套句精選 

1.the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 
該表格描述了在...年之...年間...數(shù)量的變化。 
2.the bar chart illustrates that... 
該柱狀圖展示了... 
3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding... 
該圖為我們提供了有關(guān)...有趣數(shù)據(jù)。 
4.the diagram shows (that)... 
該圖向我們展示了... 
5.the pie graph depicts (that).... 
該圓形圖揭示了... 
6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of... 
這個(gè)曲線圖描述了...的趨勢(shì)。 
7.the figures/statistics show (that)... 
數(shù)據(jù)（字）表明... 
8.the tree diagram reveals how... 
該樹型圖向我們揭示了如何... 
9.the data/statistics show (that)... 
該數(shù)據(jù)（字）可以這樣理解... 
10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that... 
這些數(shù)據(jù)資料令我們得出結(jié)論... 
11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table... 
如圖所示... 
12.according to the chart/figures... 
根據(jù)這些表（數(shù)字）... 
13.as is shown in the table... 
如表格所示... 
14.as can be seen from the diagram,great changes have taken place in... 
從圖中可以看出，...發(fā)生了巨大變化。 
15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure,we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that... 
從圖表我們可以很清楚（明顯）看到... 
16.this is a graph which illustrates... 
這個(gè)圖表向我們展示了... 
17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to... 
該表格描述了...年到...年間a與b的比例關(guān)系。 
18.the graph,presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in... 
該圖以圓形圖形式描述了...總的趨勢(shì)。 
19.this is a column chart showing... 
這是個(gè)柱型圖，描述了... 
20.as can be seen from the graph,the two curves show the flutuation of... 
如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了...的波動(dòng)情況。 
21.over the period from...to...the...remained level. 
在...至...期間，...基本不變。 
22.in the year between...and... 
在...年到...期間... 
23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998... 
1995年至1998三年里... 
24.from then on/from this time onwards... 
從那時(shí)起... 
25.the number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year). 
...月(年)至...月（年)...的數(shù)量基本不變。 
26.the number sharply went up to... 
數(shù)字急劇上升至... 
27.the percentage of...stayed the same between...and... 
...至...期間...的比率維持不變。 
28.the figures peaked at...in(month/year) 
...的數(shù)目在...月（年）達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)，為... 
29.the percentage remained steady at... 
比率維持在... 
30.the percentage of...is sightly larger/smaller than that of... 
...的比例比...的比例略高（低）。 
31.there is not a great deal of difference between...and... 
...與...的區(qū)別不大。 
32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of... 
該圖表表明...的數(shù)目增長(zhǎng)了三倍。 
33....decreased year by year while...increased steadily. 
...逐年減少，而...逐步上升。 
34.the situation reached a peak(a high point at) of[%]. 
...的情況（局勢(shì)）到達(dá)頂（高）點(diǎn)，為...百分點(diǎn)。 
35.the figures/situation bottomed out in... 
數(shù)字（情況）在...達(dá)到底部。 
36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough. 
數(shù)字（情況）達(dá)到底部（低谷）。 
37.a is ...times as much/many as b. 
a是b的...倍。 
38.a increased by... 
a增長(zhǎng)了... 
39.a increased to... 
a增長(zhǎng)到... 
40.high/low/great/small/ percentage. 
比低高（低） 
41.there is an upward trend in the number of... 
...數(shù)字呈上升趨勢(shì)。 
42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from...to... 
...到...發(fā)生急劇上升。 
43.from...to...the rate of decrease slow down. 
從...到...，下降速率減慢。 
44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the...,reaching a figure of... 
從這年起，...逐漸下降至... 
45.be similar to... 
與...相似 
46.be the same as... 
與...相同 
47.there are a lot similarities/differences between...and... 
...與...之間有許多相似（不同）之處 
48.a has something in common with b 
a于b有共同之處。 
49.the difference between a and b lies in... 
a與b之間的差別在于... 
50...(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in... 
...年...急劇上升。

   第二部分：Task1 寫作常識(shí) 
一、圖形種類及概述法： 
泛指一份數(shù)據(jù)圖表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 
餅圖：pie chart 
直方圖或柱形圖：bar chart / histogram 
趨勢(shì)曲線圖：line chart / curve diagram 
表格圖：table 
流程圖或過程圖：flow chart / sequence diagram 
程序圖：processing/procedures diagram 

以下是一些較常用的描述用法 
The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that) 
According to the table/chart diagram/graph 
As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph 
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures, 
figures/statistics shows (that)... 
It can be seen from the figures/statistics 
We can see from the figures/statistics 
It is clear from the figures/statistics 
It is apparent from the figures/statistics 
table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ... 
table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how 
...... 

閱卷考官經(jīng)常是不會(huì)看那些圖表的，因此文章必須邏輯清晰，如果描述得能令人在腦海里勾畫出那個(gè)data chart，這篇task1無疑會(huì)達(dá)到8分的水平。開篇的第一句話可以是一句高度概括性的introduction（當(dāng)然開門見山直接描述也是一種寫法）；這樣做不僅使文章更趨于完美，而且可以達(dá)到湊字?jǐn)?shù)的目的（但不要照抄題目，除非時(shí)間相當(dāng)緊迫）。接下來另起一段開始進(jìn)行描述（根據(jù)實(shí)際情況1-2段），這當(dāng)中經(jīng)常要連續(xù)使用非限定性定于從句，從而使得描述過程流暢、清晰。最后也可再另起一段進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)短的綜述（并非必須）。上述的任何一個(gè)步驟都要遵循依據(jù)現(xiàn)有data進(jìn)行客觀描述的原則，任何推測(cè)性或議論性的內(nèi)容寫得再多、再精彩不僅不會(huì)加分，而且還會(huì)成為扣分的因素。 


二、data的具體表達(dá)法 

data在某一個(gè)時(shí)間段固定不變：fixed in time 
在一系列的時(shí)間段中轉(zhuǎn)變：changes over time 
持續(xù)變化的data在不同情況下: 
增加：increase / raise / rise / go up ... 
減少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall ... 
波動(dòng)：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ... 
穩(wěn)定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ... 

最常用的兩種表達(dá)法： 
動(dòng)詞 + 副詞形式（Verb+Adverb form） 
形容詞 + 名詞形式（Adjective+Noun form） 
　　 
1. Verb+Adverb form 
The number of XXX 
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate... 
+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly... 
+from (第一時(shí)間) to (第二時(shí)間) / between (第一時(shí)間) and (第二時(shí)間) 

2. Adjective+Noun form 
There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight 
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation （注意：上述很多詞不可用于修飾fluctuation） 
+in the number of XXX from (第一時(shí)間) to (第二時(shí)間) / between (第一時(shí)間) and (第二時(shí)間) 


描述穩(wěn)定的data： 
The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (第一時(shí)間) to (第二時(shí)間) / between (第一時(shí)間) and (第二時(shí)間) 
The number of XXX stayed the same from (第一時(shí)間) to (第二時(shí)間) / between (第一時(shí)間) and (第二時(shí)間) 
There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from (第一時(shí)間) to (第二時(shí)間) / between (第一時(shí)間) and (第二時(shí)間) 

描述不同狀態(tài)的data 
Noun form: 
steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop 
Verbal form: 
(to) bottom out / (to) reach the bottom / (to) increase gradually / (to) reach a plateau / (to) remain steady 

描述the highest point以及the lowest point 
高點(diǎn)極值： 
The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ... 
+peaked in (月份/年) <準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間點(diǎn)用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX(極點(diǎn)data) 
或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX(極點(diǎn)data) 
低點(diǎn)極值： 
XXX bottomed out / reached 
+rock / the bottom / a low point 
或者h(yuǎn)it a trough 

此外，在描述過程中還有很多的conjunctional words/sentences，最常用的固定搭配如下： 
并列： as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ... 
舉例： for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially 
事實(shí)： as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ... 
雷同/近似：similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally ... 
轉(zhuǎn)折： however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead (of), in spite of, despite of ... 

原因與結(jié)果 
1. cause-suggestion (幾乎不常用) 
since / now that ...; I hope that... 
because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + (doing) sth, I hope that... 
2. cause-effect (較常用) 
XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for ... 
(一個(gè)句子), therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently / (and) so ... 
3. effect-cause (較常用) 
XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of ... 
(一個(gè)句子), because ... 
it is adj. that ... 
it is unimaginable that ... 
it is undeniable that ... 
it is interesting to discover that ... 


   三、其它相關(guān)常用詞（組） 

1. 主章開頭 
圖表類型：table; chart; diagram; graph; column chart; pie graph 
描述：show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal; represent 
內(nèi)容：figure; statistic; number; percentage; proportion 
2. 表示數(shù)據(jù) 
一般：have 10%; at 10%; over 10% 
最高（低）點(diǎn)：peaked; reached a peak / high point 
bottomed out; reached the bottom 
變化：recover 略有回升； increase; jump; rise/rose; climb 
decrease; fall/fell; drop; decline; reduce 
fluctuate 浮動(dòng)，搖擺不定 
remained steady/stable; stay the same; little/hardly any /no change 
變化程度：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的 
rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飛快的，險(xiǎn)峻的 
dramatic/dramatically 戲劇性的，生動(dòng)的 
significant/significantly 有意義的，重大的，重要的 
sharp/sharply 銳利的，明顯的，急劇的 
steep/steeply 急劇升降的 
steady/steadily 穩(wěn)固的，堅(jiān)定不移的 
gradual/gradually 漸進(jìn)的，逐漸的 
slow/slowly 緩慢的，不活躍的 
slight/slightly輕微的、略微地 
stable/stably 穩(wěn)定的 
表示范圍：from XXX to XXX; between XXX and XXX; for XXX to XXX多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間直到 
表示程度：almost adv. 幾乎，差不多 
nearly adv. 幾乎，密切地 
approximately adv. 近似的，大約 
about adv. 附近， 大約，轉(zhuǎn)向，左右，周圍 
just over 剛超過 
over adv. 結(jié)束，越過，從頭到尾 
exactly adv. 正確地，嚴(yán)密地 
precisely adv. 正好 精確地；清晰地 
比例：20 per cent 20% 
one in three 1/3 
one out of every four 1/4 
3. 其它在描述中的常用到的詞 
significant changes 圖中一些較大變化 
noticeable trend 明顯趨勢(shì) 
during the same period 在同一時(shí)期 
grow/grew 增長(zhǎng) 
distribute 分布，區(qū)別 
unequally 不相等地 
pronounced 明顯的 
average 平均 
no doubt 無疑地 
corresponding adj. 相應(yīng)的，通訊的 
represent vt. 闡述，表現(xiàn) 
overall 總體上講 
except 除外 
in the case of adv. 在...的情況下 
in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在...方面 
in contrast 相反，大不相同 
in conclusion adv. 最后，總之 
in comparison 相比之下 
inversely adv. 相反地，倒轉(zhuǎn)地 
in general 通常，大體上，一般而言 
range from 
excessive adj. 過多的，過分的，額外 
lower v.降低，跌落 
elapse vi.（時(shí)間）過去，消逝 
category n.種類 
government policy 政府政策 
market forces 市場(chǎng)規(guī)率 
measure n. 尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，調(diào)節(jié) 
forecast n. 先見，預(yù)見 v. 預(yù)測(cè)