SAT考試遇到長(zhǎng)句難句怎么辦？環(huán)球教育老師來(lái)幫您解答。

The thing itself----the work of copying and translating business-letters---was a dry and tedious task enough, but had that been all, I should long have borne with the nuisance; I am not of an impatient nature, and influenced by the double desire of getting my living and justifying to myself and others the resolution I had taken to become a tradesman, I should have endured in silence the rust and cramp of my best faculties; I should not have whispered, even inwardly, that I longed for liberty; I should have pent in every sigh by which my heart might have ventured to intimate its distress under the closeness, smoke, monotony, and joyless tumult of Bigben Close , and its panting desire for freer and fresher scenes; I should have set up the image of Duty, the fetish of Perseverance, in my small bedroom at Mrs.King’s lodgings, and they two should have been my household gods, from which my darling, my cherished-in-secret, Imagination , the tender and the mighty, should never, either by softness or strength, have severed me.

以上是新SAT OG（官方指南）第二套題第一篇文章里的句子，幾乎可以說(shuō)是整本OG里最長(zhǎng)的句子。很多同學(xué)在讀到這個(gè)句子的時(shí)候，覺(jué)得句子太難讀不懂，現(xiàn)在就為同學(xué)們分析下這個(gè)句子。

首先我們把這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化一下，使同學(xué)們看的更清楚一點(diǎn)。
The thing itself----the work of copying and translating business-letters---was a dry and tedious task enough, but had that been all, I should 1; ... I should 2; I should 3; I should 4; I should 5.

這個(gè)主干的前半句很好理解：抄寫(xiě)和翻譯商務(wù)信件這件事本身就夠枯燥乏味的了。
后半句是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而且是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的一個(gè)倒裝。（如果虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中含有were,had,could,should,有時(shí)可將if省去,而將條件從句的主語(yǔ)置于were,had,should,could 之后）。
倒裝之前的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是 If that had been all, I should 1; ... I should 2; I should 3; I should 4; I should 5. 這是一個(gè)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，意思是，但是假如那就是全部的話，我應(yīng)該會(huì)1；...我應(yīng)該會(huì)2；我應(yīng)該會(huì)3；我應(yīng)該會(huì)4；我應(yīng)該會(huì)5.

接下來(lái)我們來(lái)分析一下這幾個(gè)應(yīng)該：這幾個(gè)應(yīng)該都是前面那個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句的結(jié)果主句，結(jié)構(gòu)都是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主句的結(jié)構(gòu)I should have +過(guò)去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。

1.I should long have borne with the nuisance.

Borne：bear 的過(guò)去分詞

Nuisance ：討厭的東西（人，行為）

翻譯：我就會(huì)長(zhǎng)久的忍受這些令人生厭的人和事。

2.I am not of an impatient nature, and influenced by the double desire of getting my living and justifying to myself and others the resolution I had taken to become a tradesman, I should have endured in silence the rust and cramp of my best faculties.

這句里面有一處省略，可能會(huì)造成理解的障礙，and 前后的并列結(jié)構(gòu)是of an impatient nature, influenced by the double desire。 因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)前面的成分是一樣的（I am not），所以省略了。

翻譯：我并不是一個(gè)沒(méi)有耐心的人，也沒(méi)有受到既要過(guò)自己的（喜歡）的生活，又要向自己和他人證明自己要成為一個(gè)商人的決心這樣的雙重欲望的影響，我應(yīng)該會(huì)默默地忍受自己最好的能力被荒廢與束縛。

3.I should not have whispered, even inwardly, that I longed for liberty

翻譯：我應(yīng)該不會(huì)低聲說(shuō)我渴望自由，哪怕是在心里說(shuō)。

4.I should have pent in every sigh by which my heart might have ventured to intimate its distress under the closeness, smoke, monotony, and joyless tumult of Bigben Close , and its panting desire for freer and fresher scenes.

Bigben Close：英國(guó)的一種路，車(chē)輛只能從一端進(jìn)入，通往私人住所

Pent: pen的過(guò)去分詞

在這句當(dāng)中，its distress和its panting 是并列關(guān)系，兩者既是pent的賓語(yǔ)，也是intimate的賓語(yǔ)。

翻譯：我應(yīng)該會(huì)把我的心對(duì)于在密閉，多煙，單調(diào)，和毫無(wú)樂(lè)趣的死胡同里的喧囂之下的痛苦以及它對(duì)于更自由更清新的環(huán)境的渴望禁錮在每一次嘆息當(dāng)中，通過(guò)這些嘆息我的心大著膽子去暗示它的痛苦和渴望。

5.I should have set up the image of Duty, the fetish of Perseverance, in my small bedroom at Mrs.King’s lodgings, and they two should have been my household gods, from which my darling, my cherished-in-secret, Imagination , the tender and the mighty, should never, either by softness or strength, have severed me.

From which 這里開(kāi)始有點(diǎn)繞，把同位語(yǔ)和插入語(yǔ)都扔掉，主干是：from which Imagination should never have severed me。

翻譯：在我寄宿的Mrs.King 的小臥室里，我應(yīng)該會(huì)樹(shù)立起熱愛(ài)堅(jiān)忍，認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)的形象，我應(yīng)該把堅(jiān)忍和負(fù)責(zé)奉為我的家庭之神，我的親愛(ài)的，我所悄悄珍愛(ài)的想象力，無(wú)論強(qiáng)弱，都永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)或溫柔或強(qiáng)力地把我與之（堅(jiān)忍和負(fù)責(zé)）分開(kāi)。

全句翻譯：

抄寫(xiě)和翻譯商務(wù)信件這件事本身就夠枯燥乏味的了，但是假如那就是全部的話，我應(yīng)該就會(huì)長(zhǎng)久的忍受這些令人生厭的人和事；我并不是一個(gè)沒(méi)有耐心的人，也沒(méi)有受到既要過(guò)自己的（喜歡）的生活，又要向自己和他人證明自己要成為一個(gè)商人的決心這樣的雙重欲望的影響，我應(yīng)該會(huì)默默地忍受自己最好的能力被荒廢與束縛；我應(yīng)該不會(huì)低聲說(shuō)我渴望自由，哪怕是在心里說(shuō)；我應(yīng)該會(huì)把我的心對(duì)于在密閉，多煙，單調(diào)，和毫無(wú)樂(lè)趣的死胡同里的喧囂之下的痛苦以及它對(duì)于更自由更清新的環(huán)境的渴望禁錮在每一次嘆息當(dāng)中，通過(guò)這些嘆息我的心大著膽子去暗示它的痛苦和渴望；在我寄宿的Mrs.King 的小臥室里，我應(yīng)該會(huì)樹(shù)立起熱愛(ài)堅(jiān)忍，認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)的形象，我應(yīng)該把堅(jiān)忍和負(fù)責(zé)奉為我的家庭之神，我的親愛(ài)的，我所悄悄珍愛(ài)的想象力，無(wú)論強(qiáng)弱，都永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)或溫柔或強(qiáng)力地把我與之（堅(jiān)忍和負(fù)責(zé)）分開(kāi)。

翻譯成中文也很繞，實(shí)際上簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)就是：假如我的工作只是枯燥的話，我就忍了（但不是）。

這篇文章沒(méi)有直接針對(duì)這個(gè)句子提問(wèn)，所以如果是在考場(chǎng)情況下，有如題這樣的長(zhǎng)難句同學(xué)們只要理解主干就好了。但如果是平時(shí)練習(xí)，希望同學(xué)們還是要多做精讀，這是提高閱讀能力的最有效辦法。
以上簡(jiǎn)短分析，希望對(duì)學(xué)員SAT考試有所幫助，點(diǎn)擊環(huán)球教育ACT掌握考試精華！

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