托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句在考試中最直接的運(yùn)用就是考察插入句子題和解釋句子題。對(duì)于這樣的題目，我們?cè)诓荒茏x懂句子的情況下，能夠把握的就是句子的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，即邏輯。下面小編和大家分享托福閱讀中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的四大邏輯關(guān)系，把握了它們就等于掌握了托福閱讀解題技巧的一個(gè)重要部分。

　　1. 因果關(guān)系

　　因：because, because of, for, as, since, in that, on account of, with

　　果：so, so that, therefore, thereby, as a result, hence, thus, consequently, accordingly

　　因果關(guān)系除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的顯性因果表達(dá)詞外，隱性的因果同樣是不可忽略的一個(gè)重要部分。

　　隱性因果：

　　A.導(dǎo)致(因-果)：cause, reason, lead to, give rise to, result in, render, make, let, ask, support, push, stimulate, spark, spur, fuel, produce, be responsible for

　　如The increased pressures of expanding populations have led to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and towns are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees and shrubs。

　　在這段話中，有l(wèi)ead to, 表示了導(dǎo)致的意思，即結(jié)果; 而so that 更進(jìn)一步表示了后面的結(jié)果，所以可以充分判定這段話有因果關(guān)系的邏輯。

　　B.由…而來(果-因)：result from, derive from, originate from, initiate from, stem from, be responsive to, be attributable to

　　如 “The extreme seriousness of des**ification results from the vast areas of land and tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process?！?/p>

　　在這段話中，根據(jù)result from可以推斷出有因果關(guān)系，那如果是解釋句子題時(shí)，選項(xiàng)中有因果關(guān)系就可以優(yōu)先考慮。

　　C.反映，體現(xiàn)(果-因)：reflect, present, demonstrate, suggest, imply, show

　　This result demonstrates that…

　　D.考慮到： given, considering, in view of, thanks to, according to

　　He succeeded thanks to (in view of) his effort。

　　E.依賴于： rely on, depend on, resort to,

　　He resorted to books when he had problems。

　　F.條件關(guān)系：when, once, as soon as, as long as

　　As soon as he got the money, he would leave the country at once。

　　G.分詞短語，不定式做狀語

　　Failing in the final exam, she cried。